Credit reporting agencies, also known as credit bureaus, are not government agencies. They are large corporations that are authorized to collect, store, organize and disseminate your personal financial information, and to make a profit providing the information to those who pay for it.
The services and the information that credit reporting agencies provide primarily benefits the banks and other lenders that provide loans. To a lender, a loan is an investment; they provide funds and expect to be paid back in a timely manner and with interest. Any investment balances risk against potential reward, so lenders must measure how risky a loan is in order to determine what interest rate to charge, or whether to provide the loan in the first place.
So, both the credit bureaus and the lending institutions want your credit report to be as accurate as possible. If items are missing that indicate a person or business may be a high credit risk, lenders can provide loans that may never be repaid. On the other hand, if a credit report contains erroneous bad credit marks, they may deny funds to someone that deserves it and would have absolutely no trouble paying it back within the terms of the loan.
The credit reporting agencies gather information from many sources such as public or court records, landlords, and of course, your creditors. With billions of individual items passing through the credit reporting system each month, it is not surprising that many of them are assigned to the wrong borrower.
It is very important to fix your credit when erroneous errors are found. It is your responsibility to ensure that your credit report is accurate. The first step is to order your credit report periodically – at least once a year – and read it in its entirety. Highlight any items that you believe are inaccurate.
There are many reasons why your credit report may contain inaccuracies. Most reports actually contain at least one mistake or erroneous item.
To resolve inaccurate items, you must dispute each item with the credit reporting agency that provided the report to you. To do so, you can either write a letter to the agency, or fill out a form on the agency’s web site. Entering a dispute online usually gives faster resolution.
Whichever method you choose to send a dispute to a credit bureau, be sure to include as much information as you can to help the agency identify the item and create an inquiry to the lender. Be sure to include your full name, your social security number, current address and telephone number. If the credit report with the erroneous item has an ID number, be sure to include it so the person working with you can see the same report that you are looking ar. Clearly identify the account and lending institution that contains the inaccurate information, and describe concisely what item is erroneous and what is wrong with it.
Once you dispute an item, the credit bureau will forward the information to the lender in question, and ask them to verify the accuracy of the item. The lender must respond to the inquiry within 30 days, so you should have an answer in approximately a month from your original dispute. The lender will either provide verification that the item is true, or send corrected information.
If a lender verifies a disputed item that you know is wrong, you may have to provide additional information to support your claim, request that a new investigation be opened, or even contact the creditor directly to resolve the issue. In any case, do not give up and work calmly and professionally with the lender reporting the bad item. Remember that, although your credit is most important to you, the lenders and the credit agencies do want your credit report to be correct.
Entering a dispute online is usually the quickest way to begin the process. The credit agencies will also contact you via email as soon as a response is received, and you can usually check the status of the dispute on a web site.
Your credit is important. Make the effort to stay on top of your own credit report and fix inaccurate items as quickly as possible. Bad credit, especially when it is unjustified, can limit your opportunities or make loans much more expensive to repay than they need to be.